Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Facultad de Medicina. Cuenca, Ecuador
Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Facultad de Medicina. Cuenca, Ecuador
Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Facultad de Medicina. Cuenca, Ecuador
Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Facultad de Medicina. Cuenca, Ecuador
Consumption of psychoactive substances has been a controversial issue to world public health due to its harmful effects that go beyond the individual's physical health and affect other areas of their lives such as the social, family-related, academic and work-related spheres. Consequently, as consumption increases, psychological disorders of diverse kinds become evident; anxiety is one of the most prevailing. These problems are more apparent in patients recovering from their addiction since their situation makes them vulnerable. Therefore, this research aims to describe the anxiety levels in drug-dependent adults institutionalized in rehabilitation centers. For this purpose, search engines in PubMed and Scopus were used, using Boolean operators and descriptors in Spanish and English; besides, PRISMA was used to identify and select information. The most significant finds include sex-related differences where women have more prevalence of anxiety than men. Furthermore, these patients' most frequent psychiatric comorbidities include depression, ADHD, antisocial disorder and psychotic disorder. Finally, new non-pharmacological approaches showing promising results have been found to treat anxiety, such as electrical acupuncture, martial arts and physical exercise.
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