Polimorfismos genéticos predisponentes al desarrollo de lupus eritematoso sistémico

Susana Alejandra Avila Vásquez; Cristian Carlos Ramírez Portilla

doi:10.56294/saludcyt2023304

Autores/as

Susana Alejandra Avila Vásquez Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Facultad de Medicina. Cuenca, Ecuador https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8468-8564
Cristian Carlos Ramírez Portilla Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Facultad de Medicina. Cuenca, Ecuador https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1668-1192

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56294/saludcyt2023304

Palabras clave:

Enfermedades autoinmunes, Lupus eritematoso sistémico, Polimorfismo genético

Resumen

Introducción: el lupus eritematoso sistémico es una enfermedad de tipo autoinmune y presentación clínica muy heterogénea mediada tanto por factores ambientales como genéticos, tiene predominio por el sexo femenino con una relación de 9:1 respecto al sexo masculino, así como por las etnias afrodescendiente, asiática e hispanos; su patogénesis se encuentra mediada por variantes polimórficas de distintos genes que brindan susceptibilidad ante esta enfermedad y que se han relacionado con distintas características clínicas, entre las más destacables se encuentra la nefritis lúpica, enfermedades cardiovasculares, mientras que su tratamiento no se encuentra establecido.
Objetivo: determinar los polimorfismos genéticos predisponentes al desarrollo de lupus eritematoso sistémico.
Método: se utilizó el motor de búsqueda PubMed junto a operadores booleanos y descriptores en el idioma inglés. En base a los resultados de la búsqueda se determinó mediante selección según implicación en la temática, a los artículos a incluir dentro de la revisión.
Desarrollo: se evidenciaron dieciséis polimorfismos genéticos implicados en la patogénesis del lupus eritematoso sistémico.
Conclusiones: los polimorfismos exponen la predisposición por el sexo femenino, así como el desarrollo de manifestaciones clínicas más severas destacando la nefritis lúpica en etnias específicas como la afrodescendiente.

Métricas

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