El impacto del entrenamiento en mindfulness para enfermeras en la reducción del estrés y la mejora del bienestar

Uzma Noor Shah; Shivangi Gupta; Betty Koshy

doi:10.56294/saludcyt2023446

Autores/as

Uzma Noor Shah Department of Genetics, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Karnataka, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8932-069X
Shivangi Gupta College of Nursing, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2109-662X
Betty Koshy Parul Institute of Nursing, Parul University, PO Limda, Tal. Waghodia, District Vadodara, Gujarat, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7178-7902

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56294/saludcyt2023446

Palabras clave:

Escala de Depresión, Ansiedad y Estrés, Terapia Cognitiva Basada en Mindfulness, Escala de Estrés Percibido, Escala de Felicidad Subjetiva, Entrenamiento en Mindfulness

Resumen

Objetivo: Este estudio pretendía determinar si un programa corto de entrenamiento en Mindfulness-Based (MB) podría ayudar a las enfermeras de cuidados críticos a sentir que disminuyen el estrés y a tener un mayor control de su bienestar (Bb).
Método: Para evaluar la eficacia del programa, se utilizó un diseño consistente en un estudio pre-post con un único grupo y un enfoque cuasi-experimental. Este estudio se llevó a cabo en Malasia, en un centro de referencia terciario. La iniciativa incluyó a 40 enfermeras de cuidados críticos que se presentaron voluntarias como parte de una muestra no probabilística. Con al menos un 79% de asistencia, 36 personas terminaron el curso.
Resultados: El proceso es una forma condensada de Terapia Cognitiva Basada en Mindfulness (b-MBCT), conocida localmente como Mindful-Gym. El b-MBCT es un curso de cinco semanas basado en grupos que se reúne una vez a la semana durante dos horas e incluye sesiones de práctica entre medias. Se distribuyó como componente de la formación continua del personal de enfermería del hospital. Los resultados asociados al estrés se evaluaron mediante la Escala de Estrés Percibido (PSS) y la Escala de Depresión, Ansiedad y Estrés (DASS). En cuanto a los resultados del estado de WB, se utilizaron la Escala de Atención y Conciencia Mindfulness y la Escala de Felicidad Subjetiva (SHS).
Conclusiones: Los participantes afirmaron que su percepción del estrés había disminuido significativamente tras finalizar la sesión (PSS: q < 0,001; s = 0,40), la ansiedad (DASS-B: q < 0,001; s = 0,33), el estrés (DASS-T: q = 0,001; e = 0,53), la depresión (DASS-E: q < 0,001; s = 0,35) y la felicidad (SHS: q = 0,026; e = 0,53), teniendo una magnitud de impacto que oscilaba entre leve y significativa. Los hallazgos proporcionan credibilidad a la eficacia de la b-MBCT para disminuir el estrés y mejorar el BM en enfermeras que trabajan en entornos de cuidados críticos.

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