Análisis de marcadores tumorales en pacientes con tumores estromales gastrointestinales GIST

Karol Mayte Chicaiza Jacome; Elizabeth Proaño Pérez

doi:10.56294/saludcyt2023524

Autores/as

Karol Mayte Chicaiza Jacome Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Ambato, Ecuador https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0185-3414
Elizabeth Proaño Pérez Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Ambato, Ecuador https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0812-9402

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56294/saludcyt2023524

Palabras clave:

diagnóstico, mRNA, miRNAs, sarcomas, KIT

Resumen

Introducción: Los tumores del estroma gastrointestinal (GIST) son sarcomas que tienen su origen en las células intersticiales de Cajal, que representan <1% de todos los tumores gastrointestinales. El diagnóstico de GIST involucra pruebas de imagen y determinaciones invasivas como endoscopia y biopsia. la biopsia puede dar un diagnóstico positivo mediante la tinción inmunohistoquímica de KIT o PDGFRA, las cuales pueden diagnosticar el 95 % de los GIST. Los microRNAs (miRNAs), son moléculas reguladoras en la fisiología de la angiogénesis, la inmunología y el origen neural en la biología de GIST, y podrían convertirse en una valiosa estrategia pronóstica.
Objetivo: El propósito del trabajo es establecer los marcadores tumorales (miRNAs) para el diagnóstico temprano de pacientes con GIST.
Métodos: Se manejó un enfoque cualitativo, de tipo bibliográfico-documental y a través de la consulta en diversas bases de datos encontradas en revistas científicas indexadas.
Resultados. Los miR-221, miR-222, cumplen un rol funcional, diagnóstico, terapéutico y pronóstico en los GIST. La relación miR221/222 se considera como biomarcador genético para diagnosticar el riesgo de desarrollar GIST y el hsa-miR-218-5p fue el mejor predictor en el desarrollo de GIST al igual que hsa-miR-146a-5p, hsa-miR-222-3p, hsa-miR-126-3p y hsamiR-218-5p.
Conclusiones: Las nuevas técnicas no invasivas de diagnóstico de GIST podrían convertirse en una valiosa estrategia de diagnóstico temprano y seguimiento del tratamiento del paciente.

Métricas

Cargando métricas ...

Citas

Canelo A, Llano A, López E, Mantilla J, Mejía L, Polo S. Case report: Gastrointestinal stromaal tumor (GIST) in the jejunum. Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana 2023;23:138-42. https://doi.org/10.25176/rfmh.v23i1.5309.

Villafuerte W, Ostaiza I, Lissette W, Palomeque X. Tumores del estroma gastrointestinal: revisión y manejo multidisciplinario. Journal of America health 2021;4:26-35. https://doi.org/10.37958/jah.v4i1.60.

Acuña S, Solís P, Oñate P, Martínez E, Chaves S. Epidemiología Del Cáncer De Estómago En Un Centro De Referencia Del Ecuador. Revista Medica Vozandes 2021;31:19-25. https://doi.org/10.48018/rmv.v31.i2.3.

Fernando Gortaire M, María M, Estrada C. Tumor del Estroma Gastrointestinal de Ileon: reporte de un caso. Revista Médica-Científica CAMbios HECAM 2017;16:73-7. https://doi.org/10.36015/CAMBIOS.V16.N1.2017.281.

Albarrán L, Molina M. Análisis de los factores de riesgo de morbilidad asociados a la contaminación hídrica en la comunidad de San Pedro, La Azulita, Estado Mérida. Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias. 2022;1(2):33. https://doi.org/10.56294/sctconf202233.

Fletcher JA, Rubin BP. KIT Mutations in GIST. Current Opinion in Genetics & Development 2007;17:3-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.GDE.2006.12.010.

Lasota J, Miettinen M. KIT and PDGFRA mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Seminars in diagnostic pathology 2006;23:91-102. https://doi.org/10.1053/J.SEMDP.2006.08.006.

Parab T, DeRogatis M, Boaz A, Grasso S, Issack P, Duarte D, et al. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a comprehensive review. Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2019;10:144-54. https://doi.org/10.21037/jgo.2018.08.20.

Kays JK, Sohn JD, Kim BJ, Goze K, Koniaris LG. Approach to wild-type gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Translational gastroenterology and hepatology 2018;3. https://doi.org/10.21037/TGH.2018.10.13.

Inoue A, Ota S, Yamasaki M, Batsaikhan B, Furukawa A, Watanabe Y. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a comprehensive radiological review. Japanese Journal of Radiology 2022;40:1105-20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11604-022-01305-x.

Nguyen P, Thanh N, Xuan T, Nhu P, Nguyen P. Histopathological Characteristics of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors in a Cohort of Vietnamese Patients. Clinical Pathology (Thousand Oaks, Ventura County, Calif) 2020;13:1-4. https://doi.org/10.1177/2632010X20972405.

Olivares A, Pereyra D, Richardson D, Reyes O. Marcadores tumorales y su valor en ginecología. Ciencia y Salud 2020;4:27-47. https://doi.org/10.22206/cysa.2020.v4i1.pp27-47.

Fernández J, Cantín S, García E, Varo E, González J, Asencio J, et al. Recent advances in gastrointestinal stromal tumors: Where are we going? Cirugia y Cirujanos (English Edition) 2022;90:267-77. https://doi.org/10.24875/CIRU.20001318.

Serrano-Candelas E, Ainsua-Enrich E, Navinés-Ferrer A, Martín M. Silencing of adaptor protein SH3BP2 reduces KIT/PDGFRA receptors expression and impairs gastrointestinal tumors growth. Molecular Oncology 2018. https://doi.org/10.1002/1878-0261.12332.

Chi P, Chen Y, Zhang L, Guo X, Wongvipat J. ETV1 is a lineage-specific survival factor in GIST and cooperates with KIT in oncogenesis. Nature 2010;467:849-53. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09409.ETV1.

Proaño-Pérez E, Serrano-Candelas E, García-Valverde A, Rosell J, Gómez-Peregrina D, Navinés-Ferrer A, et al. The microphthalmia-associated transcription factor is involved in gastrointestinal stromal tumor growth. Cancer Gene Therapy 2022:115-7. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41417-022-00539-1.

Proaño-Pérez E, Serrano-Candelas E, Mancia C, Navinés-Ferrer A, Guerrero M, Martin M. SH3BP2 Silencing Increases miRNAs Targeting ETV1 and Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor, Decreasing the Proliferation of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors. Cancers 2022;14. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14246198.

González A, Leiva L, Pacha A, Valenzuela G, Fernández G. EPIDEMIOLOGÍA Y NUEVAS DIANAS MOLECULARES EN CÁNCER DE MAMA. Enfermería Investiga 2022;7:74-88. https://doi.org/10.31243/ei.uta.v7i4.1871.2022.

Kupcinskas J. Small molecules in rare tumors: Emerging role of microRNAs in GIST. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2018;19:1-18. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19020397.

Lamadrid M, Díaz F, Molina A. Los microRNA: una herramienta que podría ser usada como biomarcadores de la corticogénesis fetal. Perinatología y reproducción humana 2014;28.

Chunyan Z, Yanpeng H, Changshun X, Fulai G, Xiaoli X, Xiukun C, et al. Potential Value of Circular RNA circTBC1D4 in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors. Journal of Immunology Research 2022;22:1-15. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9019097.

Peng F, Liu Y. Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors of the Small Intestine: Progress in Diagnosis and Treatment Research. Cancer Management and Research 2020;12:3877-89. https://doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S238227.

Albakova Z, Siam M, Sacitharan P, Ziganshin R, Ryazantsev D, Sapozhnikov A. Extracellular heat shock proteins and cancer: New perspectives. Translational Oncology 2021;14:1-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100995.

Bure I, Haller F, Zaletaev D V. Coding and Non-coding: Molecular Portrait of GIST and its Clinical Implication. Current Molecular Medicine 2018;18:252-9. https://doi.org/10.2174/1566524018666181004113436.

Gyvyte U, Juzenas S, Salteniene V, Kupcinskas J, Poskiene L, Kucinskas L, et al. MiRNA profiling of gastrointestinal stromal tumors by next-generation sequencing. Oncotarget 2017;8:37225-38. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.16664.

Stefanou I, Dovrolis N, Gazouli M, Theodorou D, Zografos GK, Toutouzas KG. miRNAs expression pattern and machine learning models elucidate risk for gastric GIST. Cancer Biomarkers 2022;33:237-47. https://doi.org/10.3233/CBM-210173.

Kim WK, Yang H-K, Kim H. MicroRNA involvement in gastrointestinal stromal tumor tumorigenesis. Current Pharmaceutical Design 2013;19:1227-35. https://doi.org/10.2174/138161213804805748.

Yun S, Kim WK, Kwon Y, Jang M, Bauer S, Kim H. Survivin is a novel transcription regulator of KIT and is downregulated by miRNA-494 in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. International Journal of Cancer 2018;142:2080-93. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.31235.

Ravegnini G, Serrano C, Simeon V, Sammarini G, Nannini M, Roversi E, et al. The rs17084733 variant in the KIT 3’ UTR disrupts a miR-221/222 binding site in gastrointestinal stromal tumour: a sponge-like mechanism conferring disease susceptibility. Epigenetics 2019;14:545-57. https://doi.org/10.1080/15592294.2019.1595997.

Dorraki N, Ghale-Noie ZN, Ahmadi NS, Keyvani V, Bahadori RA, Nejad AS, et al. miRNA-148b and its role in various cancers. Epigenomics 2021;13:1939-60. https://doi.org/10.2217/epi-2021-0155.

Nannini M, Ravegnini G, Angelini S, Astolfi A, Biasco G, Pantaleo MA. miRNA profiling in gastrointestinal stromal tumors: implication as diagnostic and prognostic markers. Epigenomics 2015;7:1033-49. https://doi.org/10.2217/epi.15.52.

Wang Y, Li J, Kuang D, Wang X, Zhu Y, Xu S, et al. MiR-148b-3p functions as a tumor suppressor in GISTs by directly targeting KIT. Cell Communication and Signaling 2018;16:1-17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12964-018-0228-z.

Ge F, Wang C, Wang W, Liu W, Wu B. MicroRNA-31 inhibits tumor invasion and metastasis by targeting RhoA in human gastric cancer. Oncology Reports 2017;38:1133-9. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2017.5758.

Li X, Li L, Wu J. The members of the miR-148/152 family inhibit cancer stem cell-like properties in gastric cancer via negative regulation of ITGA5. Journal of Translational Medicine 2023;21:1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-023-03894-1.

Kupcinskas J. Small Molecules in Rare Tumors: Emerging Role of MicroRNAs in GIST. International journal of molecular sciences 2018;19. https://doi.org/10.3390/IJMS19020397.

Wu C, Tzen C, Wang S, Yeh C. Clinical diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (Gist): From the molecular genetic point of view. Cancers 2019;11:1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11050679.

Ling T, Yu F, Cao H. miR-182 controls cell growth in gastrointestinal stromal tumors by negatively regulating CYLD expression. Oncol Rep 2018;40:3705-13. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2018.6765.

Vishnoi A, Rani S. MiRNA Biogenesis and Regulation of Diseases: An Overview. Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, NJ) 2017;1509:1-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6524-3_1.

Ihle MA, Trautmann M, Kuenstlinger H, Huss S, Heydt C, Fassunke J, et al. miRNA-221 and miRNA-222 induce apoptosis via the KIT/AKT signalling pathway in gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Molecular oncology 2015;9:1421-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MOLONC.2015.03.013.

Liu X, Chu KM. Molecular biomarkers for prognosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico 2019;21:145-51. https://doi.org/10.1007/S12094-018-1914-4.

Nannini M, Ravegnini G, Angelini S, Astolfi A, Biasco G, Pantaleo MA. miRNA profiling in gastrointestinal stromal tumors: implication as diagnostic and prognostic markers. Epigenomics 2015;7:1033-49. https://doi.org/10.2217/EPI.15.52.

Koelz M, Lense J, Wrba F, Scheffler M, Dienes HP, Odenthal M. Down-regulation of miR-221 and miR-222 correlates with pronounced Kit expression in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. International journal of oncology 2011;38:503-11. https://doi.org/10.3892/IJO.2010.857.